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The
VA-10X is a sensitive (picoampere range) current
amplifier that is intended for voltammetric
measurements with carbon-fiber microelectrodes in
biological systems, where the total currents do not
exceed 100 nA.
It was designed at the Max-Planck-Institute for
Experimental Medicine in Goettingen as an economically
priced alternative to do-it-yourself systems and
expensive commercial systems.
It can be
used for DC amperometry, using either the built-in
voltage source, or a user-supplied external voltage
waveform (e.g. for cyclic voltammetry).
The VA-10X,
with carbon-fiber
disk electrodes having diameters of 10 µm
or less is ideally suited for measurements from single
cells plated onto glass cover slips. It can, however,
also be used for measurements taken from superficially
located cells in tissue slices.
The VA-10X is not recommended for use in in-vivo
recordings with carbon-fiber electrodes having long
cylindrical measuring surfaces, because in this case
currents approach the µA range.
The VA-10 is also available as a module for the EPMS-07
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